By Resolution No. 8 of the People's Council of Ministers of the MPR (under its former name) dated July 6, 1933, a decision was made to establish a secondary school for the Internal Security Department. On September 19, 1934, the "Central School" was founded when the school director was appointed and the staffing approved by Order No. 687 of the Head of the Internal Security Department.

By Order No. 305 of the Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) dated September 7, 1944, the executive school of the State Security and State Police Departments was dissolved. It was then merged with the Central School with the aim of training specialists with secondary legal and executive work education for a period of 3 years, thereby establishing the Integrated School of Border and Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

By Resolution No. 287 of the Council of Ministers of the Mongolian People's Republic dated August 2, 1974, the Special Military Secondary School was established under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Public Security (formerly Ministry of Internal Affairs).

In 1982, by Resolution No. 241 of the Council of Ministers, the Special Military Secondary School under the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) was expanded and reorganized into the Military Higher Education Institute. The Military Higher Education Institute began training higher-educated border troop command officers, political officers, and legal specialists for the police and correctional organizations.

On January 19, 1990, by Resolution No. 192 of the Council of Ministers of the MPR (Mongolian People's Republic), it became the Higher School of Police under the General Police Department.

On June 18, 1992, by Order No. 196 of the Director of the General Police Agency and pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 62 of 1992, the Police Academy (Internal Troops Unit 804) was presented with a newly designed battle flag.

The Higher School of Border Troops of the Military University (School of Border Service)

By Order No. 578 of the Director of the General Police Agency dated September 1, 1999, the Border Troops School of the National Defense University launched its Master's degree program in the field of law starting from the 1999-2000 academic year.

By Resolution No. 17 of the Government of Mongolia dated February 2, 2000, the Police Academy was expanded and reorganized into the "Police Academy." Its mandate included training primary-level professional personnel, providing retraining, and conducting scientific research.

By Government Resolution No. 126, the Border Troops Higher School began operating as an independent institution.

By Government Resolution No. 229 dated July 6, 2011, the University of Internal Affairs was established under the Ministry of Justice and Internal Affairs. This was achieved by merging the Police Academy and the Border Troops Higher School to refine the training and retraining system for personnel and to improve the coordination of scientific research.

By Government Resolution No. 87 dated October 13, 2012, within the framework of legal sector reform, the University of Internal Affairs was reorganized into the Law Enforcement University.

During a regular meeting of the Government of Mongolia on April 17, 2019, the Law Enforcement University was renamed back to the University of Internal Affairs, and its new charter was approved.